RUSHMORE, Adeline Jane

RUSHMORE, Adeline Jane

Female 1839 -

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Timeline



 
 



 




   Date  Event(s)
1839 
  • 1839: Chartist Riots take place
  • 1839: First use of 'OK' in print? (in Boston Morning Post)
  • 1839: Fox Talbot produces photographs from negatives
1840 
  • 1840: Queen Victoria marries Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. The penny post is instituted
  • 1840: There are reckoned to be 107 accountants in London
1841 
  • 1841: The first British Census recording the names of the populace is undertaken. The Tories come to power. Sir Robert Peel becomes Prime Minister
1842 
  • 1842: First Christmas card
  • 1842: First UK public telegraph lines, from Paddington to Slough and Gosport to London
1843 
  • 1843: Alexander Bain (1818-1903) invented an early fax machine
1844 
  • 1844: Charles Darwin wrote, but didn't publish, an essay presaging the theory of the origin of species.
  • 1844: Samuel Finley Breese Morse demonstrates a telegraph, using a code of his own invention
  • 1844: Parliament passes the Bank Charter Act. Foundation of the Rochdale Co-Operative Society and the Royal Commission on the Health of Towns
  • 1844: Two years of railway mania begins across Britain. Massive investment and speculation leads to the laying of 5,000 miles of track
1845 
  • 1845: Irish Potato Famine kills more than a million people in two years
  • 1845: Engels publishes 'The Condition of the Working Class in England'
  • 1845: There are reckoned to be 210 accountants in London
1846 
  • 1846: End of Sir Robert Peel's Ministry. Whigs come to Power. Repeal of the Corn Laws
1847 
  • 1847: Flourens discovered the anesthetic properties of chloroform
  • 1847: Levi Strauss invents denim jeans
10 1848 
  • 1848: Major Chartist demonstration in London. Revolutions in Europe. Parliament passes the Public Health Act
  • 1848: Karl Marx publishes 'The Communist Manifesto' and 'Das Kapital'
11 1849 
  • 1849: Howe patents the safety-pin
12 1850 
  • 1850: American Joel Houghton invented the first dishwasher. He made it out of wood, and gave it a hand-turned wheel that splashed water on the dishes inside. It didn't really work, but it did get the first "dishwasher" patent
  • 1850: First machine-made paper bag
13 1851 
  • 1851: The Great Exhibition is staged in Hyde Park. Thanks to Prince Albert, it is a great success
  • 1851: Patent for Singer sewing machine issued
14 1852 
  • 1852: Death of the Duke of Wellington. Derby's first minority Conservative government. Aberdeen's coalition government is established
15 1853 
  • 1853: Potato crisps invented by a cook named George Crum.
  • 1853: Florence Nightingale first recommended the regimen of cleanliness which dramatically reduced the death rate in hospitals
  • 1853: Vaccination against smallpox is made compulsory. Queen Victoria uses chloroform during birth of Prince Leopold. Gladstone presents his first budget
16 1854 
  • 1854: The Northcote-Trevelyan civil service report is published; and The Crimean War begins, as Britain and France attempt to defend European interests in the Middle East against Russia
17 1855 
  • 1855: John Snow, investigating London's piped water supply, showed graphically that cholera could be transmitted by water from a particular pump.
  • 1855: End of Aberdeen's coalition government. Palmerston's first government comes to power
  • 1855: Yale lock invented
18 1856 
  • 1856: Crimean War comes to an end. The Victoria Cross is instituted for military bravery
19 1857 
  • 1857: Cyrus Field made his first attempt at laying a trans-Atlantic telegraph cable. In 1866, his fourth attempt was successful.
  • 1857: The Second Opium War opens China to European trade. The Indian Mutiny erupts against British Rule on the sub-continent
20 1858 
  • 1858: Derby establishes his second minority government. Parliament passes the India Act
  • 1858: Eraser fitted to end of pencil
21 1859 
  • 1859: Darwin in 'On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection or the Preservation of Favored Races in the Struggle for Life', asserted all life had a common ancestor and that the origin of species was natural selection
  • 1859: End of Derby's second minority government. Palmerston brings his second Liberal government to power.
  • 1859: Smiles' 'Self-Help' published
22 1860 
  • 1860: Joseph Wilson Swan invented the light bulb, an incandescent lamp using a carbon filament.
  • 1860: Gladstone's budget and the Anglo-French Cobden Treaty codifies and extends the principles of free trade
23 1861 
  • 1861: Ignaz Philipp Semmelweis published his deduction that childbirth fever was transmitted on the hands of doctors during their examinations
  • 1861: Death of Prince Albert, Prince Consort
24 1862 
  • 1862: Pasteur published the 'germ theory:': Infection is caused by self-replicating microorganisms, and that attenuated viral cultures granted immunity. These beneficent antigens he named 'vaccines' in honor of Jenner and his vaccinia virus
  • 1862: Parliament passes the Limited Liability Act in order to provide vital stimulus to accumulation of capital in shares
25 1863 
  • 1863: Edward, Prince of Wales, marries Princess Alexandra of Denmark. The Salvation Army is founded
26 1865 
  • 1865: Lister, using carbolic acid as antiseptic and sterilizing his instrument, proved the efficacy of antiseptic surgery
  • 1865: Death of Palmerston. Russell establishes his second Liberal government
  • 1865: Lewis Carroll publishes 'Alice's Adventure in Wonderland'
27 1866 
  • 1866: Gregor Mendel, in "Versuche ?ber Pflantenhybriden," interpreted heredity in terms of a pairing of dominant and/or recessive unit characters; that is, ones that could in practice be treated as indivisible and independent particles
  • 1866: Alfred Nobel patented dynamite
  • 1866: Russell and Gladstone fail to have their moderate Reform Bill passed in parliament. Derby takes power in his third minority Conservative government
28 1867 
  • 1867: Karl Marx, in Das Kapital, maintained the value, or exchange relation, of commodities is characterized by its alienation from its use-value, and thus its value as the product of human labor, which the capitalist treats as a variable and against which he accounts his surplus.
  • 1867: Derby and Disraeli's Second Reform Bill doubles the franchise to two million. Canada becomes the first independent dominion in the British Empire under the Dominion of Canada Act
29 1868 
  • 1868: Disraeli succeeds Derby as Prime Minister. Gladstone becomes Prime Minister for the first time
30 1869 
  • 1869: George M. Beard distinguished 'neurasthenia,' a nervous disease of men, from hysteria, a women's disease, as, in an earlier time, men's 'hypochondriasis' had been distinguished from women's ' vapeurs.' Subforms of neurasthenia came to be called phobias.
  • 1869: The Irish Church is disestablished. The Suez Canal is opened
31 1870 
  • 1870: Primary education becomes compulsory in Britain through the Forster-Ripon English Elementary Education Act. Parliament also passes the Women's Property Act, extending the rights of married women, and the Irish Land Act
  • 1870: First British postcard devised by Anthony Trollope
  • 1870: Wheeler introduces toilet paper roll in US
  • 1870: Inauguration of London to Calcutta telegraph line, first electronic link between Europe and India
32 1871 
  • 1871: Trade Unions are legalized
33 1872 
  • 1872: Secret voting is introduced for elections. Parliament passes the Scottish Education Act
34 1873 
  • 1873: Gladstone's government resigns after the defeat of their Irish Universities Bill. Disraeli declines to take up office instead
  • 1873: Parmalee invents automatic fire sprinklers
35 1874 
  • 1874: Disraeli becomes Conservative Prime Minister for the second time
36 1875 
  • 1875: Disraeli purchases a controlling interest for Britain in the Suez Canal. Agricultural depression increases
  • 1875: Parliament passes R.A. Cross's Conservative social reforms
37 1876 
  • 1876: Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone.
  • 1876: Nikolas August Otto designed the first four-stroke piston engine
  • 1876: Queen Victoria becomes Empress of India. The massacre of Christians in Turkish Bulgaria leads to anti-Turkish campaigns in Britain, led by Gladstone
38 1877 
  • 1877: Confederation of British and Boer states established in South Africa
39 1878 
  • 1878: The Congress of Berlin is held. Disraeli announces 'peace with honour'
  • 1878: Edweard Muybridge photographs horse in motion
40 1879 
  • 1879: A trade depression emerges in Britain. The Zulu War is fought in South Africa. The British are defeated at Isandhlwana, but are victorious at Ulundi
  • 1879: Gladstone's Midlothian campaign denounces imperialism in South Africa and Afghanistan
41 1880 
  • 1880: Gladstone establishes his second Liberal government
  • 1880: The first Anglo-Boer War begins
42 1881 
  • 1881: Savoy Theatre introduces electric lighting
  • 1881: Parliament passes the Irish Land and Coercion Acts
  • 1881: Death of Billy the Kid
43 1882 
  • 1882: Britain occupies Egypt. A triple alliance is established between Germany, Austria and Italy
  • 1882: Standard Oil controls 95% of the U.S. oil refining capacity
  • 1882: Stillwell invents brown paper bag
44 1884 
  • 1884: Freud published a paper in which he found cocaine, an alkaloid in coca, effective against fatigue and neurasthenia.
  • 1884: Hilaire de Chardonnet invented the first artificial textile, which was made from cellulose. It was later named rayon
  • 1884: Parliament passes the third Reform Act which further extends the franchise
45 1885 
  • 1885: Death of General Gordon at Khartoum. Burma is annexed. Salisbury succeeds Gladstone with his first minority Conservative government. Parliament passes the Redistribution Act
46 1886 
  • 1886: Gladstone's third Liberal government fails to pass its first Irish Home Rule Bill through the House of Commons. Gladstone resigns as Prime Minister. Split in the Liberal Party. Salisbury establishes his second Conservative-Liberal-Unionist government. The Royal Niger Company is chartered. Gold is discovered in the Transvaal
  • 1886: Statue of Liberty erected in New York Harbour
  • 1886: Coca-Cola syrup invented
47 1887 
  • 1887: Emile Berliner patents the gramophone
  • 1887: Queen Victoria celebrates her Golden Jubilee. The Independent Labour Party is founded. The British East Africa Company is chartered
  • 1887: UK telegraph companies control 107,000 miles of submarine cable
  • 1887: There are estimated to be 5,400 cash registers in US (increases to 16,900 in 1890)
48 1888 
  • 1888: Celluloid photographic film introduced
  • 1888: The County Councils' Act establishes representative county based authorities
  • 1888: Kodak box camera
  • 1888: Coin-operated public telephone
49 1889 
  • 1889: London Dockers' Strike. The British South Africa Company is chartered
  • 1889: The Eiffel Tower, designed by French engineer Alexandre Gustave Eiffel, is completed for the Paris Exposition.
  • 1889: First Official Secrets Act in UK
50 1892 
  • 1892: Leon Bouly invents cinematographic film camera
  • 1892: Gladstone forms his fourth Liberal government
51 1893 
  • 1893: Whitcomb L. Judson invented the zip to help a friend with a stiff back who could not bend over to do up his shoes
  • 1893: Second Irish Home Rule Bill fails to pass the House of Lords
  • 1893: New Zealand becomes the first nation to grant women the right to vote
  • 1893: Car number plates introduced in France
52 1894 
  • 1894: Rosebery takes power with his minority Liberal government
53 1895 
  • 1895: Oscar Wilde jailed
  • 1895: Wilhelm Conrad R?ntgen, using a Crookes' tube, observed a new form of penetrating radiation, which he named X-rays
  • 1895: Guglielmo Marconi sent longwave wireless telegraphic, or radio, signals over a distance of more than a mile
  • 1895: Salisbury forms his third Unionist ministry
  • 1895: Kellogg's Corn Flakes go on sale
54 1896 
  • 1896: Freud suggested analyzing childhood conflicts in the study of neuroses. He also devised a psychoanalytic technique called 'free association' which allows emotionally-charged, repressed material to be consciously recognized
  • 1896: The British conquest of the Sudan begins
  • 1896: Lightner Witmer establishes at the University of Pennsylvania a clinic of psychology, the first psychological clinic in America and perhaps in the world
55 1897 
  • 1897: Queen Victoria celebrates her Diamond Jubilee
  • 1897: Telephone penetration in US is 7 per 1,000 people
56 1898 
  • 1898: Christopher Latham Sholes patented the typewriter. His QWERTY keyboard is still with us today.
  • 1898: British rule over Sudan fully established. German Naval expansion begins
  • 1898: Campbell's soups first appear with red and white labels, colors suggested by Cornell University's football uniforms.
57 1899 
  • 1899: British disasters in South Africa
  • 1899: Boer War begins in South Africa and lasts three years
58 1900 
  • 1900: Salisbury wins the 'Khaki' election. The Labour Representation Committee is formed. Parliament passes the Commonwealth of Australia Act
  • 1900: Max Planck proposes quantum theory
  • 1900: There are reckoned to be 6,000 accountants in England
  • 1900: Australia Becomes a Commonwealth
  • 1900: Boxer Rebellion in China
  • 1900: Italy's King Assassinated
  • 1900: Kodak Introduces $1 Brownie Cameras
  • 1900: Max Planck Formulates Quantum Theory
  • 1900: Sigmund Freud Publishes The Interpretation of Dreams
59 1901 
  • 1901: Willis H. Carrier invented the industrial air conditioner
  • 1901: Vacuum Cleaner invented by Hubert Cecil Booth
  • 1901: Death of Queen Victoria. She is succeeded by her son, Prince Albert, as King Edward VII
  • 1901: Marconi sends wireless message from Cornwall to Newfoundland
  • 1901: First Nobel Prizes Awarded
  • 1901: First Trans-Atlantic Radio Signal
  • 1901: U.S. President McKinley Assassinated
60 1902 
  • 1902: Invention of the Teddy Bear
  • 1902: Boer War Ends
  • 1902: Mount Pel?e Erupts
  • 1902: The Teddy Bear is Introduced
61 1903 
  • 1903: Orville Wright and Wilbur Wright achieved flight in a manned, gasoline power-driven, heavier-than-air flying machine.
  • 1903: First Flight at Kitty Hawk
  • 1903: First Message to Travel Around the World
  • 1903: First Silent Movie, The Great Train Robbery
  • 1903: Plague in India
62 1904 
  • 1904: First telephone answering machine
  • 1904: Beatrix Potter's 'The Tale of Benjamin Bunny' is published
  • 1904: First Popular American Film
  • 1904: Ground Broken on Panama Canal
  • 1904: New York City Subway Opens
  • 1904: Russo-Japanese War Begins
  • 1904: Trans-Siberian Railway Completed
63 1905 
  • 1905: Einstein evolved the Special Theory of relativity.
  • 1905: Aliens Act in Britain tries to control immigration
  • 1905: Bloody Sunday - Russian Revolution of 1905
  • 1905: Einstein Proposes His Theory of Relativity
  • 1905: Freud Publishes His Theory of Sexuality
64 1906 
  • 1906: Finland First European Country to Give Women the Right to Vote
  • 1906: Kellogg's Starts Selling Corn Flakes
  • 1906: San Francisco Earthquake
  • 1906: Upton Sinclair Writes The Jungle
65 1907 
  • 1907: Electric washing machine - The Thor - on sale
  • 1907: Ten Rules of War Established at the Second Hague Peace Conference
  • 1907: First Electric Washing Machine
  • 1907: Picasso Introduces Cubism
  • 1907: Typhoid Mary Captured for the First Time
66 1908 
  • 1908: Henry Ford created the Model T automobile
  • 1908: Electric iron and toaster patented
  • 1908: Earthquake in Italy Kills 150,000
  • 1908: Ford Introduces the Model-T
  • 1908: Three Year-Old Pu Yi Becomes Emperor of China
  • 1908: Turks Revolt in the Ottoman Empire
67 1909 
  • 1909: French Engineer Louis Bleriot is first to cross the English Channel in an airplane
  • 1909: Pianos reach maximum market penetration in UK households at one per ten people
  • 1909: 800 million postcards sold in England
  • 1909: Japan's Prince Ito is Assassinated
  • 1909: Plastic Is Invented
  • 1909: Robert Peary Becomes the First to Reach the North Pole
68 1910 
  • 1910: Georges Claude discovered that electricity conducted through a tube of the rare inert gas, neon, gives a bright red glow and that other gases gave off other colors, e.g., argon gives blue, helium gives yellow and white, etc.
  • 1910: First live opera broadcast
  • 1910: Halley's Comet Makes an Appearance
  • 1910: The Tango Catches On
69 1911 
  • 1911: British National Insurance Act lays foundation for health and unemployment insurance
  • 1911: The Chinese Revolution
  • 1911: Ernest Rutherford Discovers the Structure of an Atom
  • 1911: Greenwich Mean Time Adopted
  • 1911: The Incan City of Machu Picchu Discovered
  • 1911: Mona Lisa Is Stolen
  • 1911: Roald Amundsen Reaches the South Pole
  • 1911: Standard Oil Company Broken Up
  • 1911: Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Catches on Fire
70 1912 
  • 1912: The Sinking of the Titanic 1,515 people lose their lives.
  • 1912: Parachutes Invented
  • 1912: Piltdown Man, the 'Missing Link,' Discovered (Fraud)
  • 1912: SOS Accepted as Universal Distress Signal
  • 1912: The Titanic Sinks
71 1913 
  • 1913: Leo Baekeland invented a plastic laminate, known as Bakelite, and later as 'formica'.
  • 1913: First assembly line introduced in Ford automobile factory
  • 1913: The "Armory Show," an international display of some 1600 works of modern art, and one of the more important U.S. art exhibitions ever held, opens at the 69th-regiment armory in New York City; it arouses public curiosity, generates sensational news coverage, and helps change the direction of American art
  • 1913: First Crossword Puzzle
  • 1913: Henry Ford Creates Assembly Line
  • 1913: Personal Income Tax Introduced in U.S.
72 1914 
  • 1914: First World War starts
  • 1914: Archduke Ferdinand Assassinated
  • 1914: Battle of the Marne
  • 1914: Charlie Chaplin First Appeared as the Little Tramp
  • 1914: First Traffic Light
  • 1914: Panama Canal Officially Opened
  • 1914: World War I Begins
73 1915 
  • 1915: Armenian Genocide
  • 1915: D.W. Griffith's The Birth of a Nation Released
  • 1915: Germans Use Poison Gas as a Weapon
  • 1915: Lusitania Sunk by German U-Boat
  • 1915: Second Battle of Ypres
74 1916 
  • 1916: Navy employs animal trainer 'Captain' Joseph Woodward's music hall sea lions for U-boat sabotage.
  • 1916: Coca-Cola adopts a distinctive bottle which identifies the company internationally
  • 1916: Battle of the Somme
  • 1916: Battle of Verdun
  • 1916: Easter Rising in Ireland
  • 1916: First Self-Service Grocery Store Opens in U.S.
75 1917 
  • 1917: Bolshevik revolution in Russia installs a new government headed by V.I. Lennin
  • 1917: French artist Marcel Duchamp submits a porcelain urinal, signed "R. Mutt" and titled "Fountain," to the New York Independents Exhibition; it is rejected.
  • 1917: First Pulitzer Prizes Awarded
  • 1917: Mata Hari Executed for Being a Spy
  • 1917: Russian Revolution
  • 1917: U.S. Enters World War I
76 1918 
  • 1918: Influenza Epidemic
  • 1918: Russian Czar Nicholas II and His Family are Killed
77 1919 
  • 1919: Eddington and Frank W. Dyson measured the bending of starlight by the gravitational pull of the sun, thus confirming Einstein's general theory of relativity
  • 1919: Prohibition Begins in the U.S.
  • 1919: Treaty of Versailles Ends World War I
78 1920 
  • 1920: Bubonic Plague in India
  • 1920: League of Nations Established
79 1921 
  • 1921: Stage debut of John Gielgud
  • 1921: Extreme Inflation in Germany
  • 1921: Irish Free State Proclaimed
  • 1921: Lie Detector Invented
80 1922 
  • 1922: BBC launched as limited company
  • 1922: Kemal Atat?rk Founds Modern Turkey
  • 1922: Tomb of King Tut Discovered
  • 1922: Michael Collins Killed in Ambush
  • 1922: Mussolini Marches on Rome
  • 1922: The Reader's Digest Published
81 1923 
  • 1923: Electrolux produced the first electric refrigerator
  • 1923: Kodak introduces home movie equipment
  • 1923: Charleston Dance Becomes Popular
  • 1923: Hitler Jailed After Failed Coup
  • 1923: Ruhr Occupied by French and Belgian Forces
  • 1923: Talking Movies Invented
  • 1923: Teapot Dome Scandal
82 1924 
  • 1924: First Olympic Winter Games
  • 1924: Leopold and Loeb Murder a Neighbor Out of Boredom
  • 1924: V.I. Lenin Dies
83 1925 
  • 1925: Flapper Dresses in Style
  • 1925: Hitler Publishes 'Mein Kampf'
84 1926 
  • 1926: General Strike in UK
  • 1926: The first automatic traffic light was installed in Wolverhampton, England. It remained in service until 1968
  • 1926: A.A. Milne Publishes Winnie-the-Pooh
  • 1926: Houdini Dies After Being Punched
  • 1926: Robert Goddard Fires His First Liquid-Fuel Rocket
  • 1926: A Woman Swims the English Channel
85 1927 
  • 1927: The Jazz Singer - first film talking movie released
  • 1927: Philo Farnsworth and John Logie Baird demonstrate television
  • 1927: Babe Ruth Makes Home-Run Record
  • 1927: BBC Founded
  • 1927: The First Talking Movie, The Jazz Singer
  • 1927: Lindbergh Flies Solo Across the Atlantic
86 1928 
  • 1928: George Eastman devises a process for color photography; it leads to the first successful three-color roll film available to amateur photographers when it appears in 1935 as Kodachrome (for slides) and as Kodacolor (for prints) in 1942.
  • 1928: First Mickey Mouse cartoon
  • 1928: Bubble Gum Invented
  • 1928: First 'Mickey Mouse' Cartoon
  • 1928: First Oxford English Dictionary Published
  • 1928: Kellogg-Briand Treaty Outlaws War
  • 1928: Penicillin Discovered
87 1929 
  • 1929: First UK television broadcast
  • 1929: Frank Whittle, combining the concepts of rocket propulsion and gas turbines, invented jet propulsion. Independently, Hans von Ohain put together the same combination in 1933
  • 1929: Dr. Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin
  • 1929: Byrd and Bennett Fly Over South Pole
  • 1929: Car Radio Invented
  • 1929: First Academy Awards
  • 1929: New York Stock Market Crashes
  • 1929: St. Valentine's Day Massacre
88 1930 
  • 1930: Gandhi's Salt March
  • 1930: Pluto Discovered
  • 1930: Sliced Bread Available
  • 1930: Stalin Begins Collectivizing Agriculture in the U.S.S.R.
89 1931 
  • 1931: Al Capone Imprisoned for Income Tax Evasion
  • 1931: Auguste Piccard Reaches Stratosphere
  • 1931: Christ Monument Built on Rio de Janeiro Hilltop
  • 1931: Empire State Building Completed
  • 1931: U.S. Officially Gets National Anthem
90 1932 
  • 1932: Air Conditioning Invented
  • 1932: Amelia Earhardt First Woman to Fly Solo Across the Atlantic
  • 1932: Scientists Split the Atom
  • 1932: Zippo Lighters Introduced
91 1933 
  • 1933: First Mars bar
  • 1933: Singing telegrams introduced
  • 1933: Adolf Hitler Becomes Chancellor of Germany
  • 1933: FDR Launches New Deal
  • 1933: First Nazi Concentration Camp Established
  • 1933: Loch Ness Monster First Spotted
  • 1933: Prohibition Ends in the U.S.
  • 1933: Wiley Post Flies Around the World in 8 1/2 Days
92 1934 
  • 1934: Konrad Zuse built a series of computers, Z1 through Z4, utilizing binary arithmetic and stored programs. Along the way he invented the first programming language and began to analyze methods by which a computer could play chess
  • 1934: The first comic books appear on newsstands, beginning in the United States.
  • 1934: Bonnie and Clyde Killed by Police
  • 1934: Cheeseburger Created
  • 1934: The Dust Bowl
  • 1934: Mao Zedong Begins the Long March
  • 1934: Parker Brothers Sells the Game 'Monopoly'
93 1935 
  • 1935: First 'Kit Kat' sold in UK
  • 1935: Alcoholics Anonymous Founded
  • 1935: Germany Issues the Anti-Jewish Nuremberg Laws
  • 1935: John Maynard Keynes Suggests New Economic Theory
94 1936 
  • 1936: BBC starts regular TV broadcasts
  • 1936: Carnegie Publishes 'How to Win Friends and Influence People'
  • 1936: King Edward VIII Abdicates
  • 1936: Nazi Olympics in Berlin
  • 1936: Spanish Civil War Begins
95 1937 
  • 1937: German planes, aiding insurgents in the Spanish Civil War, bomb the historic Basque town of Guernica in Northern Spain, killing women and children and inflaming world opinion against facism.
  • 1937: Hindenburg airship crash broadcast coast to coast in US
  • 1937: Amelia Earhart Vanishes
  • 1937: Golden Gate Bridge Opened
  • 1937: The Hindenberg Disaster
  • 1937: Japan Invades China
96 1938 
  • 1938: UK's first weekly radio comedy series, Band Wagon
  • 1938: Biro brothers invent ballpoint pen
  • 1938: Broadcast of 'The War of the Worlds' Causes Panic
  • 1938: Chamberlain Announces 'Peace in Our Time'
  • 1938: Extinct Fish Found
  • 1938: Hitler Annexes Austria
  • 1938: The Night of Broken Glass (Kristallnacht)
97 1939 
  • 1939: Second World War starts
  • 1939: First Commercial Flight Over the Atlantic
  • 1939: German-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact Signed
  • 1939: Helicopter Invented
  • 1939: Refugees on the St. Louis Refused Entry Everywhere
  • 1939: World War II Begins
98 1940 
  • 1940: London Blitz
  • 1940: Igor Sikorsky invented the heliocopter
  • 1940: Disney's 'Fantasia'
  • 1940: Battle of Britain
  • 1940: Leon Trotsky Assassinated
  • 1940: Nylons on the Market
  • 1940: Stone Age Cave Paintings Found in France
99 1941 
  • 1941: Japanese Attack Pearl Harbor
  • 1941: Jeep Invented
  • 1941: Manhattan Project Begins
  • 1941: Mount Rushmore Completed
  • 1941: Nazi Rudolf Hess Flies to Britain on a Peace Mission
  • 1941: Siege of Leningrad
100 1942 
  • 1942: Battle of Midway
  • 1942: Battle of Stalingrad
  • 1942: Japanese-Americans Held in Camps
  • 1942: Nazis Raze Town in Retaliation for Reinhard Heydrich's Death
  • 1942: T-shirt Introduced
101 1943 
  • 1943: Autism identified
  • 1943: French Resistance Leader Jean Moulin Killed
  • 1943: Italy Joins the Allies
  • 1943: Warsaw Ghetto Uprising
102 1944 
  • 1944: Ballpoint Pens Go On Sale
  • 1944: D-Day
  • 1944: First German V1 and V2 Rockets Fired
  • 1944: Hitler Escapes Assassination Attempt
103 1945 
  • 1945: Second World War ends
  • 1945: The Atomic Age begins with atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, ending World War II
  • 1945: Allied troops liberate Nazi death camps at Auschwitz-Birkenau (January 26), Buchenwald (April 11), and Dachau (April 24), providing the world with the first photographic evidence of the horrific atrocities committed there
  • 1945: First Computer Built
  • 1945: Germans Surrender
  • 1945: Hitler Commits Suicide
  • 1945: Microwave Oven Invented
  • 1945: United Nations Founded
  • 1945: U.S. Drops Atomic Bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki
104 1946 
  • 1946: ENIAC computer makes 5,000 additions in one second
  • 1946: Bikinis Introduced
  • 1946: Dr. Spock Publishes 'The Common Book of Baby and Child Care'
  • 1946: Juan Per?n Becomes President of Argentina
  • 1946: Nuremberg Trials
  • 1946: Winston Churchill Gives His 'Iron Curtain' Speech
105 1947 
  • 1947: Invention of transistor
  • 1947: Chuck Yeager Breaks the Sound Barrier
  • 1947: Dead Sea Scrolls Discovered
  • 1947: Jewish Refugees Aboard the Exodus Turned Back by British
  • 1947: Marshall Plan
  • 1947: Polaroid Cameras Invented
106 1948 
  • 1948: Life magazine makes American painter Jackson Pollock an overnight celebrity by devoting a three-page spread with color photographs to him and his paintings under the headline, "Jackson Pollock: Is He the Greatest Living Painter in the United States?"; Abstract Expressionism becomes a subject of widespread popular ridicule.
  • 1948: Berlin Airlift
  • 1948: Berlin Airlift
  • 1948: Big Bang Theory Formulated
  • 1948: Gandhi Assassinated
  • 1948: Policy of Apartheid Begun
  • 1948: State of Israel Founded
107 1949 
  • 1949: Mao proclaims Peoples Republic of China
  • 1949: China Becomes Communist
  • 1949: First Non-Stop Flight Around the World
  • 1949: George Orwell Publishes Nineteen Eight-Four
  • 1949: NATO Established
  • 1949: Soviet Union Has Atomic Bomb


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